Nationalist Response in the Wake of World War II

1.Congress Crisis on Method of Struggle

• Disarray in the Congress After Civil DisobedienceImportance 2/5
  Remember Gandhi's complaints about the state of the Congress organisation after the civil disobedience movement. Understand his two reasons for delaying a new movement. What did the leaders who disagreed with him want?
• Subhas Bose's Radical Record Before 1938Importance 3/5
  Remember Bose's work in Bengal (the Provincial Congress Committee, youth and trade unions) and his position on the Nehru Report, together with the Independence League he announced. How did he respond to Poorna Swaraj, the Salt Satyagraha and the Gandhi-Irwin Pact? Why did Bhagat Singh's case matter to him?
• Haripura Session (1938)Importance 4/5UPSC 2000
  When and where was the session held, and who presided? Understand what Bose said in his address about the provincial Congress ministries and about planning, and what this led to later. What did the session resolve about the princely states?
• The 1939 Congress Presidential ElectionImportance 4/5
  Who stood against Bose, and who backed whom? Remember the vote count and which parties supported Bose. Understand the difference between Bose's view of the president's role and that of Patel, Prasad and Kripalani. Remember Gandhi's well-known comment on the result.
• Tripuri Session Crisis (1939)Importance 4/5
  Remember the place and month of the session. Why did the Working Committee members resign? Compare Bose's proposal for an ultimatum to Britain with Gandhi's reasons for waiting. Be able to explain the Pant resolution, Gandhi's reply on forming the Working Committee, and why the Left avoided a split.
• Bose's Resignation and the Forward BlocImportance 4/5UPSC 2003, 2005
  When did Bose resign as president, and who succeeded him? Remember when and where the Forward Bloc was formed and what kind of party it was meant to be. What action did the Working Committee take against Bose in August 1939, and why?
• Tripuri Resolution on ChinaImportance 2/5
  Remember what the Tripuri session expressed towards the people of China, and what practical help it approved for them.

2.Gandhi and Bose: Ideological Differences

• Mutual Respect and Common Ground Between Gandhi and BoseImportance 4/5
  Which title did Gandhi give Bose in 1942? Which title did Bose give Gandhi, in what year, and in what kind of speech? Understand the views they shared despite their differences, on socialism, religion, communism, untouchability and women.
• Non-Violence versus Militant ApproachImportance 3/5
  Be able to explain Gandhi's two reasons for objecting to violence. Understand why Bose found non-violence inadequate, and what he thought civil disobedience could and could not achieve.
• Means and Ends: Gandhi and BoseImportance 3/5
  How did Bose justify seeking help from the Axis powers even though he disliked Nazi racialism? Be able to explain why Gandhi insisted that means must be as good as ends, and why he would not take advantage of Britain's difficulty. What did Bose say about Gandhi's methods in his Tokyo speech?
• Bose's Views on Democracy and Authoritarian RuleImportance 3/5
  How did Bose's view of democracy change over time? Remember the Tokyo University address of 1944. Learn when the Provisional Government of Azad Hind was proclaimed and which offices Bose held in it. What did he expect after an initial stage of authoritarian rule?
• Samyavada and Bose's SocialismImportance 3/5
  What did Bose combine in 1930 under the name 'samyavada'? Why was he neither a Nazi or Fascist nor a communist? Understand what he meant by being a "leftist" before and after independence.
• Gandhi's Idea of the State (Hind Swaraj, Ramrajya, Village Republics)Importance 4/5UPSC 1996, 2020
  Remember the work and year where Gandhi set out his political ideas. Understand his Ramrajya, why he feared the power of the state, and what he thought of party politics. What was his model of the village republic (its panchayat, its circles)? Why is he sometimes called an anarchist, and why did he put duties above rights?
• Militarism: Bose and GandhiImportance 2/5
  What attracted Bose to military discipline, and what display did he organise at a Congress session in Calcutta? Understand Gandhi's views on the causes of war, and on whether any military and any war can be justified.
• Gandhi's Ideas on Economy (Trusteeship)Importance 4/5
  Why did Gandhi reject both capitalism and Western socialism? Understand his picture of a decentralised village economy and village Sarvodaya. Remember his 1909 letter to Henry Polak. What was his position on machinery, and where did he draw the line? Be able to explain the theory of trusteeship.
• Bose's Ideas on EconomyImportance 3/5
  Understand why Bose saw economic freedom as the essence of other freedoms and how he linked modern agriculture to industry. Remember his economic proposals at Haripura and the Soviet example that impressed him. What reasons did he give for industrialisation, and how did he classify industry? What role did he give cottage industries?
• Religion: Gandhi and BoseImportance 2/5
  Understand how religion shaped Gandhi's ideas, how he saw different religions, and why he could not imagine a state without religion. Know the sources of Bose's spiritual outlook. How did his use of Hindu symbols fit with his non-sectarian stance, and how did the INA's practice show that stance? How did Gandhi's view of religion and the state differ from Bose's?
• Caste and Untouchability: Gandhi and BoseImportance 3/5
  What were Gandhi's three goals for society? He opposed untouchability, but what was his position on the varna system? Understand Bose's very different picture of a society without caste, and the influence of Vivekananda on it.
• Gandhi's Views on WomenImportance 3/5
  Why do scholars call the participation of women in the struggle Gandhi's most radical idea? Remember the social evils against women that he opposed. Understand the limits of his view of gender roles, and Judith Brown's assessment of his ideal woman.
• Bose's Views on Women and Their Role in the INAImportance 4/5
  Remember Bose's 1928 address on women's status and the separate body for women set up under his Congress presidency. In 1943, which women's regiment did he form in the INA, and who commanded it? Remember what he wanted for women in education, purdah and widow remarriage.
• Gandhi on Education and His Basic Education SchemeImportance 4/5
  What did Gandhi want in place of English as the medium of instruction, and what age group did he want free compulsory education for? Understand the difference he drew between literacy and education, and the place of morality in it. What was his scheme of basic education called, when did he conceive it, and what did it stress?
• Bose on EducationImportance 2/5
  Understand why Bose stressed technical and scientific education, and what plan he wanted for Indian students sent abroad.

3.Second World War and Nationalistic Response

• India Drawn Into the War and the Congress Offer to the ViceroyImportance 4/5UPSC 2008
  On what dates did the war begin and Britain declare war? How was India brought into it? Remember the two conditions on which the Congress offered support. How did the viceroy respond, and what was the Congress argument for its conditions?
• Three Positions at the CWC Meeting at WardhaImportance 4/5
  Compare the stands of Gandhi, of Bose and the other socialists, and of Nehru on supporting the war. Whose line did the Working Committee finally adopt, and was Gandhi's view accepted?
• The Wardha CWC Resolution (1939)Importance 3/5
  What did the resolution condemn? Remember its three points on India's part in the war, Britain's claim to fight for democracy, and war aims.

4.Government Attitude and Congress Ministries' Resignation

• Linlithgow's Statement of October 17, 1939Importance 4/5
  Remember the three points of the viceroy's statement. Understand how the government tried to use the Muslim League and the princes against the Congress.
• Government's Hidden AgendaImportance 3/5
  What was the British strategy towards the Congress during the war? Remember the measures already in force: the amendment to the 1935 Act and the Defence of India ordinance. The Draft Revolutionary Movement Ordinance was only a draft; when was it prepared, and for what purpose? How did Zetland describe the Congress, and how did Gandhi react to the government's attitude?
• Resignation of the Congress Ministries (1939)Importance 4/5UPSC 2012
  When did the Working Committee meet to decide, and what were its three decisions?
• Debate on Immediate Mass SatyagrahaImportance 3/5UPSC 1999
  Be able to explain the four reasons Gandhi and his supporters gave against an immediate struggle. What course did they suggest instead? Remember what Linlithgow said about dominion status in January 1940.
• Allahabad CWC Resolution (November 1939)Importance 2/5
  Understand how the resolution compared this war with the war of 1914–18. Why did it call for a constituent assembly?
• Ramgarh Session (1940)Importance 4/5
  When was the session held, and who was its president? Compare the positions of Gandhi, Nehru and Bose. Remember what the resolution declared on independence, on sovereignty in the princely states and provinces, and on when civil disobedience would begin.
• Pakistan Resolution, Lahore (March 1940)Importance 5/5
  Which body passed this resolution, and where and when? What kind of areas and what kind of political arrangement did it ask for, and what did it say about minorities? Pakistan was a popular name for the resolution; the wording of the demand did not use that name.

5.August Offer

• Background to the August OfferImportance 2/5
  Which events in Europe softened the British attitude? What compromise did the Congress put forward at this time?
• Proposals of the August OfferImportance 5/5UPSC 1998, 2002, 2010
  Who announced the offer, and in which month? Remember its four proposals and the conditions attached to the constituent assembly. Note the exact word used for who would decide the constitution, since the Cripps proposals used a different one.
• Responses to the August OfferImportance 4/5
  How did the Congress respond? Remember Nehru's and Gandhi's remarks. What did the Muslim League welcome in the offer, and what solution did it repeat?
• Evaluation of the August OfferImportance 4/5
  What was recognised for the first time, and what was explicitly offered? Remember the July 1941 changes to the viceroy's executive council (the Indian share and the portfolios the British kept) and the body set up with advisory functions.

6.Individual Satyagraha

• Background and Aims of Individual SatyagrahaImportance 4/5
  Understand the government's position and ordinances that led to it. Why did Gandhi choose a limited form of satyagraha by selected individuals? Remember its three aims.
• Method of Individual SatyagrahaImportance 3/5
  What was each satyagrahi's demand? What followed if the government did not arrest them, and what was this movement called? Do not confuse this name with Bose's slogan for the INA.
• First Satyagrahis and Scale of Individual SatyagrahaImportance 5/5UPSC 2009
  When was the movement launched? Who offered the satyagraha first and who second? Remember how many people had been convicted by May 1941.

7.Gandhi Designates Nehru as His Successor

• CWC Offer to Cooperate in Defence (December 1941)Importance 3/5
  Why were Congress leaders keen to help in defence after their release? Remember the two conditions of the Working Committee's offer, and whose objections it overrode.
• Gandhi Designates Nehru: Differences and Common GroundImportance 3/5
  In what circumstances did Gandhi name Nehru his successor? Compare the two on religion, industrialisation and the State. Understand what they had in common in their patriotism, their methods and their form of government.
• Why Gandhi Preferred Nehru (The Good Boatman)Importance 2/5
  What reasons does Rajmohan Gandhi give for Gandhi preferring Nehru to Patel, Rajaji, Azad, Kripalani and Rajendra Prasad? Understand what made Nehru's appeal different.

8.Cripps Mission

• Stafford Cripps and the MissionImportance 3/5UPSC 2010
  When did the mission arrive, and what was its purpose? Who was Cripps (his party, his offices, and his attitude to the Indian national movement)?
• Why the Cripps Mission Was SentImportance 4/5UPSC 2009
  Remember the war events of June 1941, December 1941 and March 1942. Be able to explain the three reasons why Britain sent the mission.
• Main Proposals of the Cripps MissionImportance 5/5UPSC 4 Years
  Remember the four proposals: the status of the Indian Union, how the post-war constituent assembly would be formed, the two conditions for accepting the new constitution (including what an unwilling province could do), and the arrangements for defence in the meantime.
• Departures from the Past and ImplicationsImportance 4/5UPSC 2003
  How did the Cripps proposals differ from the August Offer on who would frame the constitution? Be able to explain why the option for provinces is called a blueprint for partition. Remember the other new features: the assembly plan, Commonwealth membership and the share in the interim administration.
• Congress Objections to the Cripps ProposalsImportance 4/5UPSC 1998, 2013
  Remember the four objections of the Congress. Who negotiated on its behalf?
• Objections of the Muslim League and Other GroupsImportance 4/5
  Remember the League's three objections. What did the Liberals, the Hindu Mahasabha, the depressed classes and the Sikhs each object to?
• Other Reasons for the Failure of the Cripps MissionImportance 3/5
  Why did the explanation about the August Offer raise doubts about British intentions? Understand how Cripps's rigid attitude and his changing words about a "cabinet" added to the deadlock. Remember the legislative majority a province needed to secede, what happened if it fell short, and its effect on Hindus in Punjab and Bengal. Which British leaders and officials worked against the effort (note that the commander-in-chief then was Wavell), and where did the talks finally break down?
• Famous Remarks on the Cripps Offer and Its AftermathImportance 4/5
  How did Gandhi describe the scheme in a well-known phrase? What did Nehru say about the viceroy's powers? Remember Azad's view of the offer. What mood did the failure leave among Indians?

1. 1.

   Consider the following statements about the Tripuri crisis (1939):
   1. Bose won the presidential election with the support of the Congress Socialist Party and the communists.
   2. Bose favoured a six-month ultimatum to Britain to grant independence.
   3. The socialists and communists backed Bose in splitting the Congress.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

   1. A1 only
   2. B2 and 3 only
   3. C1, 2 and 3
   4. D1 and 2 only
2. 2.

   Consider the following statements:
   Statement-I: In 1939, Bose was removed as president of the Bengal Provincial Congress Committee and debarred from elective Congress office for three years.
   Statement-II: Bose gave a call for an all-India protest against an AICC resolution.
   Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

   1. ABoth Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
   2. BBoth Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
   3. CStatement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
   4. DStatement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct
3. 3.

   Consider the following statements about the views of Gandhi and Bose:
   1. Gandhi set out his ideas on government in Hind Swaraj (1909).
   2. Bose favoured a comprehensive scheme of industrial development under state ownership and control.
   3. Gandhi favoured large-scale industrialisation with labour-saving machinery.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

   1. A1 only
   2. B2 and 3 only
   3. C1 and 2 only
   4. D1, 2 and 3
4. 4.

   What name did Subhas Bose give, as early as 1930, to his proposed synthesis of socialism and the discipline of fascism?

   1. ASarvodaya
   2. BRamrajya
   3. CAntyodaya
   4. DSamyavada
5. 5.

   Consider the following statements about the Congress offer to cooperate in the Second World War (1939):
   1. It demanded a constituent assembly after the war to determine the political structure of free India.
   2. It demanded some form of genuinely responsible government at the Centre immediately.
   3. Viceroy Linlithgow accepted the offer.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

   1. A1 only
   2. B2 and 3 only
   3. C1, 2 and 3
   4. D1 and 2 only
6. 6.

   Match List I with List II on the position taken at the CWC meeting at Wardha (September 1939):

   List I (Leader)	List II (Position on the war)
   A. Gandhi	1. No Indian participation until India was free, but no advantage to be taken of Britain's difficulty
   B. Subhas Bose	2. Unconditional support to the Allied powers
   C. Jawaharlal Nehru	3. Launch civil disobedience to take advantage of the situation

   Select the correct answer using the code given below:

   1. AA-2, B-3, C-1
   2. BA-1, B-3, C-2
   3. CA-2, B-1, C-3
   4. DA-3, B-2, C-1
7. 7.

   Consider the following:
   1. It refused to define British war aims beyond resisting aggression.
   2. It promised to consult communities, parties and princes on modifying the 1935 Act.
   3. It proposed an immediate 'consultative committee'.
   4. It promised dominion status immediately after the war.
   How many of the above were part of Linlithgow's statement of 17 October 1939?

   1. AOnly one
   2. BOnly two
   3. COnly three
   4. DAll four
8. 8.

   Consider the following statements about the August Offer (1940):
   1. It proposed dominion status as the objective for India.
   2. It proposed a constituent assembly after the war in which mainly Indians would decide the constitution.
   3. The Congress accepted it.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

   1. A1 only
   2. B2 and 3 only
   3. C1 and 2 only
   4. D1, 2 and 3
9. 9.

   Consider the following statements:
   Statement-I: The August Offer is considered significant in the evolution of constitutional demands.
   Statement-II: For the first time, the inherent right of Indians to frame their constitution was recognised.
   Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

   1. ABoth Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
   2. BBoth Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
   3. CStatement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
   4. DStatement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct
10. 10.

    Consider the following statements about Individual Satyagraha (1940–41):
    1. One of its aims was to show that nationalist patience was not due to weakness.
    2. The satyagrahi demanded freedom of speech against the war through an anti-war declaration.
    3. It was launched as a mass movement with all Congress members participating together.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

    1. A1 only
    2. B1 and 2 only
    3. C2 and 3 only
    4. D1, 2 and 3
11. 11.

    Consider the following:
    1. An Indian Union with dominion status, free to withdraw from the Commonwealth
    2. A constituent assembly after the war, partly elected by provincial assemblies and partly nominated by princes
    3. The right of any province to have a separate constitution
    4. Immediate transfer of defence to Indian hands
    How many of the above were among the Cripps proposals (1942)?

    1. AOnly one
    2. BOnly two
    3. COnly three
    4. DAll four
12. 12.

    Consider the following statements about the Congress objections to the Cripps proposals:
    1. It objected to dominion status instead of complete independence.
    2. It objected to princely states being represented by nominees rather than elected representatives.
    3. It objected to the absence of any right of provinces to secede.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

    1. A1 only
    2. B2 and 3 only
    3. C1, 2 and 3
    4. D1 and 2 only
13. 13.

    Under the Cripps proposals, if less than 60 per cent of a provincial legislature supported secession, how was the decision to be taken?

    1. ABy a decision of the governor general in consultation with the provincial governor
    2. BBy a plebiscite of adult males of that province, decided by a simple majority
    3. CBy a vote of the British Parliament on a resolution moved by the Secretary of State
    4. DBy a two-thirds vote of the Constituent Assembly of the proposed Indian Union
14. 14.

    Consider the following statements:
    1. In July 1941, the viceroy's executive council was enlarged to give Indians a majority of 8 out of 12 for the first time.
    2. After this enlargement, Indians took charge of defence, finance and home.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

    1. A1 only
    2. B2 only
    3. CBoth 1 and 2
    4. DNeither 1 nor 2
15. 15.

    Consider the following statements about the Muslim League's response during 1940–42:
    1. Its Lahore resolution (March 1940) called for grouping Muslim-majority areas in the north-west and east into independent states.
    2. It rejected the August Offer because of the veto given to minorities.
    3. It criticised the Cripps proposals for envisaging a single Indian Union.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

    1. A1 only
    2. B1 and 3 only
    3. C2 and 3 only
    4. D1, 2 and 3

1. 1.

   UPSC 2003

   With reference to Indian freedom struggle, which one of the following statements is correct?

   1. AThe Rowlatt Act aroused a wave of popular indignation and led to the Jallianwala Bagh massacre
   2. BSubhash Chandra Bose formed the Forward Bloc
   3. CBhagat Singh was one of the founders of Hindustan Republican Socialist Association
   4. DIn 1931, the Congress Session at Karachi opposed Gandhi-Irwin Pact
2. 2.

   UPSC 2008

   Assertion (A): The Congress Ministries in all the provinces resigned in the year 1939. Reason (R): The Congress did not accept the decision of the Viceroy to declare war against Germany in the context of the Second World War.

   1. ABoth A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
   2. BBoth A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
   3. CA is true but R is false
   4. DA is false but R is true
3. 3.

   UPSC 2002

   With reference to the colonial period of Indian history, match List I (Person) with List II (Event) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
   List I (Person)
   A. MacDonald
   B. Linlithgow
   C. Dalhousie
   D. Chelmsford
   List II (Event)
   1. Doctrine of Lapse
   2. Communal Award
   3. August Offer
   4. Dyarchy
   Codes:

   1. AA-3 B-2 C-1 D-4
   2. BA-3 B-2 C-4 D-1
   3. CA-2 B-3 C-1 D-4
   4. DA-2 B-3 C-4 D-1
4. 4.

   UPSC 2022

   With reference to the proposals of Cripps Mission, consider the following statements :
   1. The Constituent Assembly would have members nominated by the Provincial Assemblies as well as the Princely States.
   2. Any Province, which is not prepared to accept the new Constitution would have the right to sign a separate agreement with Britain regarding its future status.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

   1. A1 only
   2. B2 only
   3. CBoth 1 and 2
   4. DNeither 1 nor 2
5. 5.

   UPSC 2020

   One common agreement between Gandhism and Marxism is

   1. Athe final goal of a stateless society
   2. Bclass struggle
   3. Cabolition of private property
   4. Deconomic determinism
6. 6.

   UPSC 2016

   The plan of Sir Stafford Cripps envisaged that after the Second World War

   1. AIndia should be granted complete independence
   2. BIndia should be partitioned into two before granting independence
   3. CIndia should be made a republic with the condition that she will join the Commonwealth
   4. DIndia should be given Dominion status
7. 7.

   UPSC 2012

   The Congress ministries resigned in the seven provinces in 1939, because

   1. Athe Congress could not form ministries in the other four provinces
   2. Bemergence of a 'left wing' in the Congress made the working of the ministries impossible
   3. Cthere were widespread communal disturbances in their provinces
   4. DNone of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given above is correct
8. 8.

   UPSC 2010

   Who among the following were official Congress negotiators with Cripps Mission ?

   1. AMahatma Gandhi and Sardar Patel
   2. BAcharya J. B. Kripalani and C. Rajagopalachari
   3. CPandit Nehru and Maulana Azad
   4. DDr. Rajendra Prasad and Rafi Ahmed Kidwai
9. 9.

   UPSC 2009

   Who of the following Prime Ministers sent Cripps Mission to India?

   1. AJames Ramsay MacDonald
   2. BStanley Baldwin
   3. CNeville Chamberlain
   4. DWinston Churchill
10. 10.

    UPSC 2009

    In the ‘Individual Satyagraha’, Vinoba Bhave was chosen as the first Satyagrahi. Who was the second?

    1. ADr. Rajendra Prasad
    2. BPandit Jawaharlal Nehru
    3. CC. Rajagopalachari
    4. DSardar Vallabhbhai Patel
11. 11.

    UPSC 2009

    Consider the following statements: The Cripps Proposals include the provision for
    1. Full independence for India.
    2. Creation of Constitution-making body.
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

    1. A1 only
    2. B2 only
    3. CBoth 1 and 2
    4. DNeither 1 nor 2
12. 12.

    UPSC 2005

    Which party was founded by Subhash Chandra Bose in the year 1939 after he broke away from the Congress?

    1. AIndian Freedom Party
    2. BAzad Hind Fauj
    3. CRevolutionary Front
    4. DForward Bloc
13. 13.

    UPSC 2003

    An important aspect of the Cripps Mission of 1942 was

    1. Athat all Indian States should join the Indian Union as a condition to consider any degree of autonomy for India
    2. Bthe creation of an Indian Union with Dominion status very soon after the Second World War
    3. Cthe active participation and cooperation of the Indian people, communities and political parties in the British war effort as a condition for granting independence with full sovereign status to India after war
    4. Dthe framing of a constitution for the entire Indian Union, with no separate constitution for any province, and a Union Constitution to be accepted by all provinces
14. 14.

    UPSC 2000

    While delivering the presidential address, the Congress President who advocated the introduction of Roman script for Hindi language was

    1. AMahatma Gandhi
    2. BJawaharlal Nehru
    3. CAbul Kalam Azad
    4. DSubhas Chandra Bose
15. 15.

    UPSC 1999

    Which Indian nationalist leader looked upon a war between Germany and Britain as a god-sent opportunity which would enable Indians to exploit the situation to their advantage?

    1. AC. Rajagopalachari
    2. BM. A. Jinnah
    3. CSubhas Chandra Bose
    4. DJawaharlal Nehru
16. 16.

    UPSC 1998

    Assertion (A): The Congress rejected the Cripps proposals. Reason (R): The Cripps Mission consisted solely of whites.

    1. ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
    2. BBoth A and R are true, but R is NOT a correct explanation of A
    3. CA is true, but R is false
    4. DA is false, but R is true
17. 17.

    UPSC 1998

    What is the correct sequence of the following events?
    I. The August Offer
    II. The I.N.A. trial
    III. The Quit India Movement
    IV. The Royal Indian Naval Ratings’ Revolt
    Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

    1. AI, III, II, IV
    2. BIII, I, II, IV
    3. CI, III, IV, II
    4. DII, IV, I, III
18. 18.

    UPSC 1996

    Match List I with List II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below the lists:
    List I
    I. Surendranath Bannerjee
    II. M. K. Gandhi
    III. Subhash Chandra Bose
    IV. Lajpat Rai
    List II A) Hind Swaraj B) The Indian Struggle C) Autobiographical Writings D) A Nation in Making
    Codes:

    1. AI – D, II – A, III – C, IV – B
    2. BI – A, II – D, III – C, IV – B
    3. CI – A, II – D, III – B, IV – C
    4. DI – D, II – A, III – B, IV – C
19. 19.

    UPSC 2013

    Quit India Movement was launched in response to

    1. ACabinet Mission Plan
    2. BCripps Proposals
    3. CSimon Commission Report
    4. DWavell Plan
20. 20.

    UPSC 2010

    After Quit India Movement,
    C. Rajagopalachari issued a pamphlet entitled "The Way Out".
    Which one of the following was a proposal in this pamphlet?

    1. AThe establishment of a “War Advisory Council” composed of representatives of British India and the Indian States
    2. BReconstitution of the Central Executive Council in such a way that all its members, except the Governor General and the Commander-in-Chief should be Indian leaders
    3. CFresh elections to the Central and Provincial Legislatures to be held at the end of 1945 and the Constitution making body to be convened as soon as possible
    4. DA solution for the constitutional deadlock