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What to Study: Which Part of the Constitution holds the Directive Principles, and which range of Articles? Know what Articles 36 and 37 deal with and why the actual directives begin only after them. Learn the subject of each Article up to 51, including 39A, 43A, 43B and 48A.
What to Study: From which country's constitution did the framers take the idea of directives, and from where had that constitution itself taken it? Remember the well-known labels: what Dr. B.R. Ambedkar called the directives, and what Granville Austin called the directives and Fundamental Rights together.
What to Study: Understand what the phrase "Directive Principles of State Policy" stands for, and in which kinds of matters (legislative, executive and administrative) they guide the State. Under Article 36, "State" in Part IV has the same meaning as in which other Part? Which bodies does it then include?
Asked in UPSC PrelimsUPSC 2010
What to Study: What was the Instrument of Instructions? Know under which Act the British Government issued it and to whom, and the one difference Dr. B.R. Ambedkar pointed out between it and the directives.
Asked in UPSC PrelimsUPSC 2002UPSC 2015UPSC 2020
What to Study: Understand the directives as an economic, social and political programme that serves the Preamble's ideals of justice, liberty, equality and fraternity. How does a welfare state differ from a police state, and what idea was the police state built on? Be clear about which kinds of democracy the directives aim to establish.
Asked in UPSC PrelimsUPSC 2013UPSC 2015UPSC 2017UPSC 2020
What to Study: What does "non-justiciable" mean here: can a court enforce a directive, and can the Central, state or local government be forced to carry one out? Know the two things Article 37 says about the directives in spite of this.
What to Study: The directives cannot be enforced, yet they can help a court decide whether a law is valid. Understand how a law that gives effect to a directive can be treated as "reasonable" under Article 14 (equality before law) or Article 19 (six freedoms). Can a court use a directive to strike a law down, or only to uphold one?